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| Ali Sina |
Abu Ali al-Hussain Ibn Abdallah Ibn Sina was a Persian medico and thinker. He was born in 980 A.D. at Afshana near Bukhara then capital of the Samanid sept.. The young Abu Ali received his early education in Bokhara, and by the age of ten had become well versed in the study of the Qoran and numerous sciences. He started finding out philosophy by reading numerous Greek, Muslim and alternative books on this subject and learnt logic and some alternative subjects from Abu Abdallah Natili, a celebrated thinker of the time. whereas still young, he earned such a degree of expertise in medicine that his celebrity unfold far and wide. At the age of 17, he was lucky in set Nooh Ibn Mansour, the Samanid King, of an health problem within which all the well-known physicians had given up hope. On his recovery, the King wanted to reward him, but the young medico solely desired permission to use his unambiguously stocked library.
On his father's death, Bu Ali left Bokhara and travelled to Jurjan where Khawarazm Shah welcome him. There, he met his celebrated modern Abu Raihan Al-Biruni. Later he moved to Ray then to Hamadan, where he wrote his celebrated book Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb. Here he treated Shams al-Daulah, the King of Hamadan, for severe colic. From Hamadan, he moved to Aspadana, where he completed several of his monumental writings. yet, he continued movement and therefore the excessive mental exertion still as political turmoil spoilt his health. Finally, he came back to Hamadan where he died in 1037 A.D.
He was the most celebrated medico, thinker, encyclopedist, scientist and astronomer of his time. His major contribution to life science was his celebrated book al-Qanun, referred to as the "Canon" in the West. The Qanun fi al-Tibb is an Brobdingnagian encyclo- paedia of medication extending over a million words. It surveyed the whole medical information accessible from ancient and Muslim sources. because of its systematic approach, "formal perfection still as its intrinsic price, the Qanunsuperseded Razi's Hawi, Ali Ibn Abbas's Maliki, and even the works of Galen, and remained supreme for six centuries". additionally to transfer together the then accessible information, the book is rich with the author's original contribution. His vital original contribution includes such advances as recognition of the contagious nature of pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis; distribution of diseases by water and soil, and interaction between psychological science and health. additionally to describing pharmacological ways, the book described 760 medicine and became the most authentic pharmacology of the time. He was conjointly the first to describe meningitis and created rich contributions to anatomy, gynaecology and child health.
His philosophical reference work Kitab al-Shifa was a monu- mental work, embodying a huge field of information from philosophy to science. He classified the whole field as follows: theoretical knowledge: physics, arithmetic and metaphysics; and sensible knowledge: ethics, economic science and politics. His philosophy synthesises Aristotelian tradition, Neoplatonic influences and Muslim theology.
Ibn Sina conjointly contributed to arithmetic, physics, music and alternative fields. He explained the "casting out of nines" and its applica- tion to the verification of squares and cubes. He created several astronomical observations, and devised a contrivance just like the vernier, to extend the exactitude of instrumental readings. In physics, his contribution comprised the study of different varieties of energy, heat, lightweight and mechanical, and such ideas as force, vacuum and infinity. He created the vital observation that if the perception of sunshine is because of the emission of some sort of particles by the bright source, the speed of sunshine should be finite. He propounded an interconnection between time and motion, and conjointly created investigations on specific gravity and used an gas thermometer.
In the field of music, his contribution was an improvement over Farabi's work and was far before information prevailing else- where on the topic. Doubling with the fourth and fifth was a 'great' step towards the harmonic system and doubling with the third seems to possess conjointly been allowed. Ibn Sina ascertained that in the series of consonances described by (n + 1)/n, the ear is unable to distinguish them once n = 45. in the field of chemistry, he didn't believe in the possibility of chemical transmutation because, in his opinion, the metals differed in a very fundamental sense. These views were radically hostile those prevailing at the time. His writing on minerals was one among the "main" sources of geology of the Christian encyclopaedists of the thirteenth century. Besides Shifa his well-known treatises in philosophy ar al-Najat and Isharat.
